标准规范下载简介和部分内容预览：
EN445 预应力实验规范EN445《预应力混凝土结构实验方法》是欧洲标准化委员会（CEN）制定的一项标准，旨在规范预应力混凝土结构的实验方法，确保其设计、施工和验收过程的安全性和可靠性。该标准为预应力混凝土结构的性能测试提供了详细的技术指导，涵盖材料特性、制造工艺以及结构性能评估等多个方面。
EN445的主要内容包括以下几个方面：1.实验目的与范围：明确实验的目标是验证预应力混凝土结构的设计是否符合预期性能要求，同时规定了适用的结构类型和实验条件。2.实验设备与工具：对实验所需的设备进行了详细说明，例如加载装置、测量仪器等，以确保实验结果的准确性和可重复性。3.加载程序：定义了加载方式、加载速率和加载步骤，以模拟实际工况下的受力情况。这有助于评估结构在不同荷载条件下的行为。4.数据记录与分析：规定了实验过程中需要记录的关键参数，如位移、应力、应变等，并提供了数据分析的方法，以便对结构性能进行科学评价。5.安全要求：强调了实验过程中的安全性，包括操作规程、防护措施以及紧急情况处理方案，以保障人员和设备的安全。
通过遵循EN445标准，工程师可以系统地评估预应力混凝土结构的承载能力、变形特性和耐久性，从而确保其在实际应用中的可靠性和长期稳定性。这一标准不仅促进了行业内技术的统一，还为国际间的工程合作提供了共同的语言和参考依据。
Dimensionsinmillimetres
nb_sh_t 6068-2022 用于催化裂化装置开工和补剂的平衡剂The grout spread test measures thefluidity of thixotropic grouts.Thefluidity ismeasured by the diameter of thecircleofgroutspreadonasmoothplateafterafixedperiod
4.3.2.2Apparatus Thefollowing apparatusisrequired for the test: a)Glassorpolishedsteelplatewithaminimumdiameterofo3o0mm. b)Stiff mould madeof steel orplasticwith an internal diameterof o39mm anda height of 60mm. c)Stopwatchshowingtimeto0,1s. d)Thermometer. e)Rulerwithaminimumlengthof300mmand a1mmgraduation.
4.3.2.2Apparatus
4.3.2.3Testprocedure
4.3.2.3Test procedure
4.3.2.3.1Preparation
EN445:2007(E)
adtestiscarriedouton thehorizontalplate.Ensurethatthesurfacesofthemould andplatea dslightly moistened.If necessaryapplya thinfilmofpetroleumjelly(e.g.Vaseline)to thebrimof contactwiththeplatetopreventthemouldfromleakingduringfillingwithgrout.
Put themould on theplateandprevent it from sliding.Pour thegrout slowlyinto themould until the level of the grouthasreached theupperbrim.Themould issteadily liftedfrom theplateandkept above thespreadfora maximumof30sbeforeit is taken away.The spread ismeasured intwoperpendiculardirections at 30s afterthestartofliftingthemould
4.3.2.4Reporting of results
Reportthespreaddiameterastheaveragemeasuredinthetwoperpendiculardirectionsacrossthegrout spreadinmillimetres
4.4Inclinedtubetest
4.4.1Principle of test
Figure2—Groutspreadtest
EN445:2007(E)
4.4.3Test procedure
The two tubes arefixed on their supportsto avoid noticeable deflections,at an inclination of(30± 2)°agains a horizontalreference line.Twelve strands shall beinstalled ineach tube.The caps are subsequently sealed on the tube ends,seeFigure 3.The cap shallallow internal inspectionforpresence of any air orwater. The grout isprepared in accordancewith the groutingmethod statement.Specimensshall be takenfrom the groutmixtomeasureitsfluidity.
4.4.3.3Groutingof second tube(Tube2)
4.4.4Reportingofresults
EN445:2007(E)
EN445:2007(E)
Thistestprovidesbothvolumechangeandbleedingmeasurements.Bleedingismeasuredasthevolumeof waterremainingonthesurfaceofthegroutwhichhasbeenallowedtostandprotectedfromevaporation. Thevolumechangeismeasuredasadifferenceinpercentageofthevolumeofgroutbetweenthestartand theendof thetest.Thetestmeasuresmainlythevolumechanqecausedbysedimentationorexpansion.
唐山市宏扬花园商住楼建筑工程施工现场专项施工方案4.5.2Equipment
4.5.3Procedure
Setuptubeinaverticalpositionwithitsopenendatthetop.Providerigidfixingsothatnomovement or vibrationcanoccur. nstall the strand in the tube,ensuring that it isfirmly located on thebase,and held centred. Pour thegroutinto thetubeatasteadyflowrate(eitherfrom thebottomorusingasmalldiametertremie tube)toensure there isno trapped air.Fill thetube toaheight,ho,about 10 mm above topof thesteel.Seal topof tubetominimiseevaporation.Record thetemperatureof thegrout and ambient airtemperature. Recordstartingtimetandheighthofthegrout.
Recordheight ofbleedwater,hw,at the same timesasforthe grout(seeFigure 4). Record inhomogeneities that may develop in the appearance of the grout as seen through the transparent tube.Examplesofinhomogeneitiesare: formationoflensesofbleedwaterbelowtopofgrout; segregationleadingtoareasofdifferentcolouredgrout. NOTE The purpose of recording at intervals instead of simply taking thefinal value is tobe able tofollow the behaviourofexpansivegrouts.
泥工班安全技术交底cordheightof bleedwater,hw,at thesametimesasforthegrout(seeFigure4). cord inhomogeneities thatmaydevelopinthe appearanceof thegroutasseen throughthe tra be.Examplesof inhomogeneitiesare: formationoflensesofbleedwaterbelowtopofqrout：
segregationleadingtoareasofdifferentcolouredgrout. TE The purpose of recording at intervals instead of simply taking the final value is to be able to haviourofexpansivegrouts.