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IEC61400-3 英语版海上风力发电机组设计要求.pdf3Terms and definitions
3.2 current flow of water past a fixed location usually described in terms of a current speed and direction
designer party or parties responsible for the design of an offshore wind turbir
ivironmentalconditions aracteristics of the environment (wind, waves,sea currents, water level, sea ice,marir owth,scour and overall seabed movement,etc.)which may affect the wind turbine behaviou
GB 1886.23-2015 食品添加剂 小花茉莉浸膏extremesignificantwaveheight expected value of the highest significant wave height, averaged over 3 h, with ar probability of exceedance of 1/N ("recurrenceperiod":N years)
3.13 hindcasting methodofsimulatinghistorical (metocean)dataforaregionthroughnumericalmodelling
3.14 hubheight (wind turbines) heicht of the centre of the swept area of the wind turbine rotor above the mean sea level
hubheight(windturbines)
hummockedice crushed ice and ice floes piled up into ridges when large ice floes meet with ead a rigid obstacle,for example an offshore wind turbine support structure
ushed ice and ice floes piled up into ridges when large ice floes meet with each other or w rigid obstacle,forexample an offshore wind turbine support structure
icefloe sheet of ice in size from metres to several kilometres, not rigidly frozen to a s motion
ice in size from metres to several kilometres, not rigidly frozen to a shore, still or in
owestastronomicaltide
marineconditions characteristics of the marine environment (waves,sea currents,water level,sea ice,marine growth,seabed movement and scour, etc.)which may affect the wind turbine behaviour
meansealevel average level of the sea over a period of time long enough to remove variations due to waves, tidesandstormsurges
offshorewindturbine wind turbine with a support structure which is subject to hydrodynamic loa
offshorewindturbinesite the location or intended location of an individual offshore wind turbine either alone or windfarm
referenceperiod oeriodduringwhichstationarityisassumedforagivenstochasticprocess.forexamplewind speed, seaelevationorresponse
reference period oeriodduringwhichstationarityisassumedforagivenstochasticprocess,forexam speed,seaelevationorresponse
refraction process by which wave energy is redistributed as a result of changes in the wave propagation velocity due to variations in water depthand/or current velocity
seafloor interface between the sea and the seabed
3.37 seafloorslope local gradient of the sea floor,for example associated with a beach 3.38 seastate condition of the sea in which its statistics remain stationary 3.39 seabed materials below the sea floor in which a support structure is founded
scour removal of seabed soils by currents and waves or caused by structural elements inte thenaturalflowregimeabovetheseafloor
the highest still waterlevel witha recurrence period of 1 yearincreased by the crestheight of a wave with height equal to the significant wave height with a return period of 1 year, and the lowest still water level with a recurrence period of 1 year reduced by the trough depth of a wave with height equal to the significant wave height with a return period of 1 year
stillwaterlevel abstract water level calculated by including the effects of tides and storm surge but excluding variations duetowaves.Stillwaterlevel canbeabove,at.orbelow mean sealevel
stract water level calculated by including the effects of tides and storm surge but excludir ariations duetowaves.Still water level can be above,at,orbelowmean sealevel
3.45 stormsurge irregularmovement of the sea brought about by wind and atmospheric pressure variations
3.48 swell sea state in which waves generated by winds remote from the site have travel rather than being locally generated
ea state in which waves generated by winds remote from the site have travelled to the sit therthanbeing locallygenerated
3.49 tidal current current resulting from tides
wavespectralpeakfrequency frequency of the peak energy in the wave spectrum
wavespectralpeakfrequency requencyof thepeakenergyinthewave spectrum
3.61 wave spectrum frequency domain description of the sea surface elevation in a sea state 3.62 wavesteepness ratio of the wave height to the wavelength 3.63 weatherdowntime one or more intervals of time during which the environmental conditions are too severe to alld forexecutionofaspecifiedmarineoperation
weatherwindow interval of time during whichthe environmental conditions allowfor execution of a marine operation
(eguation 1) and the power law profile (equation 2)
NOTE Commonly used profiles are the logarithmic profile (ecuation 1) and the power law profile (equation 2).
In(zr / zo V(z)= V(zr)
4Symbolsandabbreviatedterms
4.1 Symbols and units Ac Charnock's constant d waterdepth wavespectralpeakfrequency g acceleration due togravity
5Principal elements
electricalandcontrolsystems ofanoffshorewindturbineare giveninthefollowingclauses This specificationofrequirementsappliestothedesign,manufacture,installationandmanuals oroperation and maintenanceof an offshore wind turbine and the associated quality management process.In addition,safetyprocedures,which have been established inthe various practicesthat are used in the installation,operationand maintenance of an offshore windturbine,aretakenintoaccount.
5.2Design methods
erification of the adequacy of the design shall be made by calculation and/or by testing. If te sults are used in this verification, the external conditions during the test shall be shown flect the characteristic values and design situations defined in this standard. The selection st conditions.including the test loads,shall takeaccount of the relevant safetyfactors.
External conditions
he external conditions described in this clause shall be considered in the design of fshorewindturbine.
their loading, durability and operation. To ensure the appropriate level of safety and reliability, environmental, electrical and soil parameters shall be taken into account in the design and shall beexplicitlystated inthedesigndocumentation
Other environmental conditions also affect designfeatures suchas control system durability,corrosion,etc.
The normal and extreme conditions to be considered in design are prescribed in the following subclauses.
6.2Wind turbine classes
nemanufacturershallinthedesigndocumentationdescribethemodels usedandvalues sential designparameters.Where the models in Clause 6 are adopted,a statement of th lues of the parameters will be sufficient.The design documentation should contain th ormationlistedforguidanceinAnnexA
Theabbreviationsaddedinparentheses the subclause headingsin the remainde clause are used for describing the wind conditions for the design load cases defined in
6.3Wind conditions
n offshore wind turbine shall be designed to safely withstand the wind conditions adopted ebasis of design
The design of the support structure of an offshore wind turbine shall be based on wind conditions which are representative of the offshore wind turbine site and which shall be assessedinaccordancewiththerequirementsstatedinClause12
the wind profile, V(z), denotes the average wind speed as a function of height, z, above the still water level. In the case of standard wind turbine classes, the normal wind speed profile is given bythepowerlaw:
where,fornormalwindconditions,thepowerlaw exponent,α,is O,14
V(2)= Vhub (2/ zhub)n
Marineconditions
Vred50(2)= 1,1Vrer(/2hub).11
Vred1(2)= 0,8 Vred50 ()
ledesignofthesupportstructureofanoffshorewindturbineshallbebased vironmental conditions,including the marine conditions,which are representative of th fshore windturbine site
The normal range of water levels is, however, defined in this standard as the variation in water level witl recurrence period of 1 year, refer to 6.4.3.1
Insomeapplications,periodicorregularwavescanbeusedasanabstractionofarealseafor design purposes. A deterministic design wave shall be specified by its height, period and direction
The correlation of wind conditions and waves shall be taken into account for the design of an offshore wind turbine. This correlation shall be considered in terms of the long term joint orobabilitydistributionof thefollowingparameters:
JT/T 252-2013 舷墙门mean wind speed,V; significant wave height, Hs: peak spectral period, T,
fetch, water depth,bathymetry,etc.The distribution shall therefore be determined from ong term measurements supported, where appropriate, by the use of numerical hin techniques,referto12.4.
When taking account of the wind and wave misalignment, particular care shall be taken td ensure that the directional data and wind turbine modelling techniques are reliable, refer to 7.5. Wave models are defined below in terms of both stochastic sea state representations and regular design waves. The stochastic sea state models shall be based on a wave spectrum appropriate to the site anticipated for the offshore wind turbine.
Wavemodelsaredefinedbelowinterms of bothstochasticsea staterepresentati regulardesign waves.The stochastic sea statemodels shall bebased ona waves appropriatetothe siteanticipatedfortheoffshorewind turbine
oe selected,together with the associated mean wind speed,based on the long term joint orobabilitydistributionof metocean parameters appropriateto the anticipated site. For fatigue load calculations,the designer shall ensure that the number and resolution of the hormal sea states considered are sufficient to account for the fatigue damage associated with chefull longtermdistributionofmetoceanparameters.
GB 4789.8-2016 食品安全国家标准 食品微生物学检验 小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌检验Forultimateloadcalculationsnormalseastatesshall,withtheexceptiondescribedin7.4.1,be those sea states characterised by the expected value of the significant wave height,Hs conditioned ona givenvalue of mean wind speed.Thedesigner shalltake account of therange of peak spectral period,Tp.appropriate to each significant waveheight.Design calculations shall be based on values of peak spectral period which result in the highest loads acting on the offshorewindturbine
expected value of the significant wave height conditioned on a given value of the mean wind speed, Hs.Nss: